Effect of Non-Herbal and Siwak (Salvadora Persica) Herbal Whitening Toothpaste Against Tooth Enamel Discoloration

Dian Puspita Sari; Widya Lestari; Auliadya Adiningsih Putri

doi:10.32509/jitekgi.v22i1.7338

Effect of Non-Herbal and Siwak (Salvadora Persica) Herbal Whitening Toothpaste Against Tooth Enamel Discoloration

Dian Puspita Sari, Widya Lestari, Auliadya Adiningsih Putri

Abstract

Background: The public interest in removing extrinsic tooth stains has increased substantially. Tooth brushing with whitening toothpaste remains most common approach, however some non-herbal whitening agents may be associated with adverse effect such as irritation, allergies and mucosal ulceration. Research reveals that siwak (Salvadora persica) has reportedly contains high concentrations silica which contribute to tooth stain removal and colour improvment. This study aimed compare the effectiveness of non-herbal whitening toothpaste and siwak-based herbal whitening toothpaste (Salvadora persica) on enamel discoloration. Methods: Laboratory experimental research 30 extracted premolar teeth divided into three group siwak-based herbal toothpaste, non-herbal toothpaste and control group immersed in distilled water the treatment group were brushed for 14 days, then enamel color changes were assesed using VITAPAN Classical shade guide. Results: All groups showed changes an discoloration score on day 7 and 14. The siwak herbal toothpaste and non-herbal toothpaste was not statistically significant with a value of p = 0.796 (p>0.05). Conclusion: Non herbal whitening toothpaste demonstrated more potential whiten tooth enamel than siwak based herbal whitening toothpaste), however, the difference was not statistically significant

Keywords

Non Herbal Whitening Toothpaste, Herbal Whit`Ening Toothpaste, Color Change

Full Text:

PDF

References

Kruzic J.J, Hoffman M, Arsecularatne J.A.Fatigue and wear of human tooth enamel: A review. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials. 2022;138:105574.

Rajkumar K. & Ramya R. Oral Anatomy,Histology, Physiology, and Tooth Morfology. 2nded. New Delhi: Wolters Kluwer; 2017:183-184, 621-630.

Baranova J, Schulze M, Tobiasch E, et al. Tooth Formation: are the hardest tissues of human bodyhard to regenerate. International journal of molecular sciences. 2020; 21(11):403

Aydin N, Karaoğlanoğlu S, Oktay E.A, Ersöz B. Determination of the whitening effect of toothpastes on human teeth. Odovtos-International Journal of Dental Sciences. 2022; 24(1):67-75.

Katica Prskalo et al. Risk Factors Associated with Black Tooth Stain. Acta Clin Croat. 2017; 56:28-35

A literature review. Jackson B.A, Taylor C.D. Sudden Onset of Tooth Discoloration. The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology. 2019; 12(10):12-13.

Shobana G, Muthu Karuppaiah R, Garla B.K, Taranath M, Palanivel P.R. Effect of Whitening Toothpastes on Extrinsic Dental Stains. Journal of Advanced Oral Research. 2019; 10(1):19-23.

Kirtley KB. Chemistry of Toothpaste. Pillars at Taylor University. Taylor University. 2020:2-21.

Lippert F. An introduction to toothpaste-its purpose, history and ingredients.

Ceren Değer, Arzu Müjdeci. Whitening Dentifrices: A Review. Cyprus J Med Sci. 2020; 5(4): 355-60

Bayahu C, Pengemanan D.H.C, Mintjelungan C.N. Test of the Effectiveness of Whitening Toothpaste on Extrinsic Tooth Discoloration. e-GiGi. 2021; 9(2):204-208.

Kim JH, Kim S, TroungVM, Lee JW, & Park YS. Is whitening toothpaste safe for dental health?: RDA-PE method. Dental Materials Journal. 2022;41(5): 731-740.

Sigmar de Mello, Tabata do Prado, Felipe de Souza, Ayla Macyelle de Oliveira, Samira Esteves Afonso. Toxicity and effect of whitening toothpastes on enamel surface. Braz. Oral Res. 2021;35:e025.

Zarabadipour M, Saffari R, Mirzadeh M. Anti- plaque efficacy of Siwak as a mechanical tooth stick. International Journal of Ayuvredic Medicine. 2020; 11(3):559-562.

Ramli H, Aripin KNN, Said SM, Hanafiah RM, & Dom TNM. The effectiveness of siwak (Salvadora persica L. and Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) practices in reducing plaque and gingivitis among adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2022; 2981:15598

Adam FA, Mohd N, Rani H, Baharin B, & Yusof MYP. Salvadora persica L. chewing stick and standard toothbrush as anti-plaque and anti-gingivitis tool: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of ethnopharmacology. 2021; 274:113882.

Aumeeruddy, Zengin G, Mahomoodally MF. A Review of The Traditional and Modern Use of Salvadora persica L (siwak): Toothbrush Tree of Prophet Muhammad. Journal of thnopharmacology. 2018; 21(3):409-444.

Ismail D, Abboud S, Alzoubi H. Comparison between Two Types of Toothpastes Containing Modified Bioactive Glass on post-operative sensitivy associated with at-home vital tooth bleaching: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Azerbaijan Medical Journal. 2023; 64(4): 8947-8956

Alomary HD, Kouchaji C, Taleb A, Alzoubi H. An In-Vitro Evaluation of Enamel Remineralization potential of BioMin toothpaste in primary teeth. Azerbaijan Medical Journal. 2023; 63(10): 10611-10617

Nordin A, Saim AB, Ramli R, et al. siwak and Oral Health: An Evidence based review. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 2020; 27(7):1801-1810.

Wang C, Lucas R, Smith AJ, & Cooper PR. An in vitro screening assay for dental stain cleaning. BMC Oral Health. 2017; 17:1-10.

Kalliath C, Mukunda A, Pynadath M, et al. Comparison between the effect of commercially available chemical teeth whitening paste and teethwhitening paste containing ingredients of herbal origin on human enamel. Ayu journal. 2018; 39(2):113-117.

Halib N, Nuairy NB, Ramli H, Ahmad I, OthmanN.K, Salleh S.M, Bakarudin S.B. Preliminary assessment of Salvadora persica whitening effects on extracted stained teeth. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science. 2017; 7(12):121-125.

Dursun MN, Ergin E, Tekce AU, & Gurgan S. Which whitening toothpaste with different contents is more effective on color and bond strength of enamel. Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry. 2022; 10.1111:12968.

Nam SH, Kwun HS, Cheon SH, & Kim HY. Effect of whitening toothpaste on color change and mineral contents of dental hard tissue. Biomed Res. 2017; 28(9):25-32

DOI: https://doi.org/10.32509/jitekgi.v22i1.7338